Fall is one of the most important times of the year on California farms. The harvest may be winding down, but the work is far from over. What you do in September, October, and November sets the stage for a successful season ahead. Here are ten essential things every California farmer should focus on before winter arrives.

1. Finish Strong and Review the Season

Before turning the page to next season, take time to review this year. What worked well? What didn’t? Look at your yields, input costs, and equipment performance. These lessons are valuable for making better decisions in the year ahead.

2. Service and Winterize Equipment

Your equipment works hard all year—don’t let it sit idle without proper care. Change the oil, replace filters, grease fittings, and inspect belts and hoses. Check fluids and make sure everything is ready to go when you need it. If equipment will be sitting outside, make sure it’s cleaned and protected from the elements.

3. Prepare Your Soil 

Healthy soil is the foundation of every good crop. Consider a soil test to check nutrient levels and pH. Add amendments if needed and think about planting cover crops like cereal rye, vetch, or clover. Cover crops improve soil structure, add organic matter, and help control erosion over the winter months.

4. Manage Crop Residue

After harvest, dealing with crop residue is key. Shred, disc, or incorporate residue to speed up decomposition and reduce pest problems. Good residue management also helps with water infiltration and sets up a cleaner field for planting.

5. Check and Maintain Irrigation Systems 

Fall is the perfect time to inspect and maintain your irrigation systems. Drain lines, flush lines, and make sure pumps and filters are in good shape. Proper maintenance now helps prevent costly breakdowns when water demand increases.

6. Plan Your Water Strategy  

Water is still a top concern in California. Review your water allocations and storage. Plan ahead for next year by evaluating your needs and exploring conservation options. Every drop counts, and efficient planning can make a big difference.

7. Control Pests and Weeds

Fall is an ideal time to get ahead of pests and weeds before they become major problems. Remove weed sources, scout for insects, and take care of field edges and ditches. Good management now reduces headaches next season.

8. Take Care of Your Orchards and Vineyards

If you’re in tree nuts, citrus, grapes, or other perennial crops, fall is the time for pruning, cleaning up debris, and preparing trees or vines for dormancy. Make sure to monitor for diseases and take care of any irrigation or trellis repairs.

9. Plan Next Season  

Good farmers are always thinking ahead. Order seeds, review fertilizer and chemical needs, and schedule any custom work early. The more planning you do now, the smoother next season will be.

10. Take Care of Your Team  

Don’t forget your most valuable resource—your people. As the season winds down, take time to thank your crew, reflect on the year, and make sure everyone heads into the off-season safely.